National Archives Research 

The National Archives contains the records of permanent value of the U.S. government. Many of these contain family and genealogical information. However, many will be valuable for the scholarly researcher.

List of Preliminary Inventories, Inventories, and Special Lists
UVA doesn't own all these in-depth inventories of NARA record groups, but we do own some. See GS 4.10: in the New Stacks on the 3rd floor of Alderman Library

National Archives Genealogy Room

National Genealogical Society

NARA's list of Other Federal Agencies with Genealogical information